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After creating a  .gitignore  file in your repository and setting patterns to match files which you do not want Git to track, Git starts tracking repository files and respecting the patterns set in the  .gitignore  file after you run the  git add  command (For example  git add . ). The problem is that if we later make some changes to the  .gitignore  file and then just run the  git add  command again, the changes made in the  .gitignore  file  will not take effect . For example if you later set in the  .gitignore  file that you want Git to start tracking a file which you previously set to be ignored, the file will still be untracked if you just run the  git add .  command. This is because, the  git cache  needs to be cleared. I usually just do this with the  git rm -r --cached .  then after I run the  git add .  command to apply the  .gitignore  changes. Things to note to do when making changes to .gitignore file Here are just some points to note when making changes to the  .gitgnore  

  Advanced Objects Introduction Remember, objects in JavaScript are containers that store data and functionality. In this lesson, we will build upon the fundamentals of creating objects and explore some advanced concepts. So if there are no objections, let’s learn more about objects! In this lesson we will cover these topics: how to use the this keyword. conveying privacy in JavaScript methods. defining getters and setters in objects. creating factory functions. using destructuring techniques. The this Keyword Objects are collections of related data and functionality. We store that functionality in methods on our objects: const goat = {    dietType : 'herbivore' ,    makeSound () {      console . log ( 'baaa' );   } }; In our  goat  object we have a  .makeSound()  method. We can invoke the  .makeSound()  method on  goat . goat . makeSound (); // Prints baaa Nice, we have a  goat  object that can print  baaa  to the console. Everything seems to be working fine. What if